EAST TIMOR HUMAN RIGHTS CENTRE

"Escalating Violations in East Timor: Is a Peaceful Solution Possible?"

Annual Report of Human Rights Violations in East Timor 1998

28 February 1999 Ref: SR2/98

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Glossary of Terms .......................................ii

Executive Summary .......................................1

A. INTRODUCTION .........................................2

1. East Timor Hopes for Political Solution ..............2 2. Escalating Human Rights Violations ...................4 3. Overview of Human Rights Violations: 1997 to 1998 ....6 4. Agenda for a Peaceful Solution .......................7

B. RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................10

1. Recommendations to Government of Indonesia ...........10 2. Recommendations to the East Timorese Resistance ......11 3. Recommendations to the International Community .......12

C. HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS ..............................13

1. Violations of the Right to Life ......................13 1.1 Extrajudicial Executions ............................13 1.2 Attempted Extrajudicial Executions ..................17

2. Violations of the Right to Individual Liberty ........18 2.1 Arbitrary detention .................................18 2.2 Enforced disappearances .............................22

3. Violations of the Right to Integrity and Security of Person ...................................24 3.1 Torture .............................................24 3.2 Other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment .........29 3.3 Rape and sexual abuse ...............................31

4. Violations of the Right to Due Process ...............33 4.1 Breaches of procedural guarantees ...................33

5. Violations of Freedoms of Expression and Association 34

6. Other Violations .....................................34 6.1 Intimidation and Persecution ........................34 7. Violations by Falintil ...............................35

Appendix A : Other Cases Reported to the ETHRC ..........37 Appendix B: Political Prisoners Convicted & Held in East Timor / Indonesia ............39 Appendix C: Political Prisoners on Trial or Awaiting Trial ...........................46

Report: Part 1   Part 2    Part 3

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

ABRI Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia Brimob Police Mobile Brigade (a heavily armed special unit)
CNRT Council of National Timorese Resistance
BTT Territorial Battalion Falintil East Timorese National Liberation Army
Fretilin East Timorese Front for Independence
Gadapaksi Movement for the Defence of Integration (locally raised civilian militia)
Garuda Penculik An Indonesian army combat battalion
Halilintar Locally raised paramilitary unit Intel Military intelligence, usually in context of internal security
Hansip Civil Defence Force (Indonesian national civilian militia)
Kodim Military District Command
Kontras Dili-based East Timorese NGO which documents violations
Kopassus Special Forces Command
Koramil Military Subdistrict Command
Mahidin "Life or Death with Integration", civilian militia group
Ninja Plain-clothed masked men recruited by the military to terrorise civilians
Polda Police Area Command (police regional headquarters for East Timor)
Polres Police District Command
Polsek Police Sector Command
RATIH Indonesian national militia
Rajawali an Indonesian army combat battalion
SGI Intelligence Task Force
Yayasan HAK Human Rights Institute (local NGO providing legal representation)
Yonif Infantry Battalion

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