also
Pernyataan bersama tentang akuntabilitas dalam pemilihan presiden
Indonesia
The East Timor and Indonesia Action Network (ETAN)
The Commission for the Disappeared and Victims of Violence (Kontras)
Joint Statement on
Accountability
in the Run-up to the Indonesian Presidential Elections
As Indonesia prepares for
its second direct presidential election on July 8, the
East Timor and Indonesia Action
Network (ETAN) and the
Commission for the
Disappeared and Victims of Violence (Kontras) together urge the
Indonesian government, its citizens, and the international community
to highlight past human rights violations and to push the next
Indonesian administration to end impunity for human rights
violators.
We are especially concerned
about the well-documented human rights records of some of the
candidates, including vice presidential candidates Prabowo Subianto
and Wiranto.
Prabowo, vice-presidential candidate for Megawati
Sukarnoputri, was commander of Indonesia's special forces unit
Kopassus from 1995 to 1998. Under his command, Kopassus kidnapped
and disappeared a group of student activists during the last part of
the dictator Suharto's rule. For this, he was later forced to retire
by a military court. He also presided over brutal actions by
Kopassus in occupied East Timor, including the torture, kidnapping
and killings of independence supporters.
|
|
Former
Indonesian president Megawati Sukarnoputri (3rd R) and her
running mate ex-general Prabowo Subianto (2nd L) shake hands
with their opponents Indonesian President Susilo Bambang
Yudhoyono (L) and Boediono (2nd R) as well as Indonesia's
Vice President Jusuf Kalla(2nd L)
and Wiranto. |
|
Wiranto, vice-presidential
candidate for Jusuf Kalla, was commander of Indonesia's military
during the tumultuous period of 1998 and 1999, when Suharto was
pushed from power by widespread demonstrations and elite
disillusionment with his rule. The military and its militias wreaked
havoc in East Timor during its vote for independence. For his role,
Wiranto was indicted for crimes against humanity
by the UN-backed
serious crimes process.
Kontras and ETAN are
concerned that should either of these candidates assume office,
their past crimes will impede the next president's ability to
satisfactorily resolve outstanding cases of human rights violations
by Indonesia's security forces and hinder the critical movement
toward military reform and accountability. Almost certainly Wiranto
and Prabowo's own impunity would continue for human rights and war
crimes.
Under the current Yudhoyono
administration, progress in the major human rights cases has been
halting at best and military reform efforts have stalled. Also a
former general, he has shown only a limited commitment to expanding
human rights. Human rights violations have escalated in Papua. The
involvement of the highest levels of the government's intelligence
agency in the assassination of human rights activist Munir, who was
murdered just prior to Yudhoyono taking office, has yet to be
satisfactorily resolved. President Yudhoyono once declared the Munir
case a "test case for whether Indonesia has changed."
As the legal process has
stalled in a number of important cases, the installation of a
presidential team which respects human rights and can inject new
momentum into these cases is critical. The international community
can greatly assist efforts for genuine accountability and military
reform by restricting military assistance to Indonesia. Together
Indonesia's government, its citizens, and the international
community must push for human rights accountability no matter who
assumes office.
Contact:
Usman Hamid (Indonesia) +62
811 812 149
John M. Miller (United
States) +1-718-596-7668; +1-917-690-4391
see also
TAPOL's Indonesia election updates
Masters of Terror Database on
Wiranto,
Prabowo and
SBY
Komisi Untuk Orang Hilang dan Korban Tindak
Kekerasan (KontraS)
East Timor and Indonesia Action Network (ETAN)
Pernyataan
bersama tentang akuntabilitas dalam pemilihan presiden Indonesia
Seiring dengan persiapan
Indonesia menghadapi pemilihan presiden langsung keduanya pada 8
Juli 2009, the East Timor and Indonesia Action Network (ETAN) dan
Komisi untuk orang hilang dan korban tindak kekerasan (KontraS),
bersama mendorong pemerintah Indonesia, warganya, dan komunitas
internasional untuk mengingat pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) di
masa lampau dan untuk mendorong pemerintah Indonesia agar mengakhiri
impunitas pelanggaran HAM.
Kami sangat prihatin dengan
catatan HAM- yang terdokumentasikan dengan baik- dari beberapa
kandidat, termasuk kandidat Wakil Presiden Prabowo Subianto dan
Wiranto. Prabowo, kandidat Wakil Presiden untuk Megawati
Sukarnoputri, adalah komandan komando pasukan khusus (Kopassus) dari
tahun 1995-1998. Dibawah pimpinannya, Kopassus menculik dan
menghilangkan sekelompok aktivis mahasiswa pada masa akhir
kepemimpinan diktator Suharto. Karena ini, ia dipaksa untuk pensiun
oleh pengadilan militer. Ia juga terlibat dalam tindakan brutal
Kopassus di wilayah okupasi Timor Timur, termasuk penyiksaan,
penculikan dan pembunuhan terhadap pendukung kemerdekaan.
Wiranto, kandidat Wakil
Presiden untuk Jusuf Kalla, adalah Panglima Angkatan Bersenjata pada
masa bergejolak 1998-1999, ketika Suharto dijatuhkan dari kekuasaan
oleh demonstrasi yang meluas dan disilusi elit pada kekuasaannya.
Militer dan milisinya melancarkan kekacauan di Timor Timur pada masa
referendum kemerdekaan. Untuk perannya ini, Wiranto dituduh
kejahatan atas HAM melalui proses peradilan kejahatan serius yang
disokong oleh PBB.
Kontras dan ETAN prihatin
bila salah satu kandidat ini berhasil menang, maka kejahatan masa
lalu mereka akan menghalangi kemampuan presiden selanjutnya untuk
menyelesaikan kasus kasus besar pelanggaran HAM masa lalu yang
dilakukan oleh angkatan bersenjata Indonesia, serta menghalangi
gerakan kritis terhadap reformasi militer dan akuntabilitas. Hampir
dipastikan impunitas Wiranto dan Prabowo akan terus berlangsung
dalam pelanggaran HAM dan kejahatan perang.
Dibawah pemerintahan
Yudhoyono yang sedang berjalan, perkembangan kasus-kasus HAM besar
terhambat dan upaya reformasi militer tersendat. Sebagai mantan
Jendral, ia menunjukkan komitmen terbatas dalam penegakkan HAM.
Pelanggaran HAM meningkat di Papua. Keterlibatan pejabat tinggi
badan intelijen pemerintah dalam pembunuhan aktivis HAM, Munir, yang
terbunuh beberapa saat setelah Yudhoyono memangku jabatan, belum
terselesaikan secara memuaskan. Presiden Yudhoyono pernah mengatakan
“kasus Munir adalah suatu batu ujian seberapa besar Indonesia telah
berubah.”
Seiring terhentinya proses
hukum beberapa kasus penting, pembentukan pasangan presiden yang
menghargai HAM dan bisa menyuntikan momentum baru pada kasus ini
adalah kritis. Komunitas internasional dapat membantu upaya upaya
menegakkan akuntabilitas sejati dan reformasi militer dengan
membatasi bantuan militer ke Indonesia. Bersama-sama, pemerintah
Indonesia, warganya, dan komunitas internasional harus mendorong
akuntabilitas HAM, terlepas siapapun yang memangku jabatan.
Kontak:
Usman Hamid (Indonesia) +62
811 812 149
John M. Miller (United
States) +1-718-596-7668; +1-917-690-4391