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		Tell Joko Widodo: Wiranto is not fit to be Indonesia 
		coordinating minister. Sign ETAN's petition  
		
		
		here.  Tetum: Agora mak tempu atu 
		hapara impunidade ba krime sira Suharto nian iha Indonesia no 
		Timor-Leste 
		
		
		Indonesian:
		Sekarang Saatnya Memutus 
		Impunitas untuk Kejahatan Soeharto di Indonesia dan Timor-Leste 
		
		Time to End Impunity for Suharto's Crimes in Indonesia and Timor-Leste 
		By Celestino Gusmão* 
			Indonesia recently held
		a symposium on the 
		violent events of 50 years ago which brought the Indonesian General 
		Suharto to power. The results were inconclusive as the dictator's 
		defenders denied the massacres and attacked those who want Indonesia to 
		finally deal with its blood past.
				|  |  |  
				| Celestino Gusmão |  |  
 The tragedy of 1965-1966 is 
		part of a long history of massacres by the Indonesian military. As East 
		Timorese, we know very well the brutality of the Indonesian dictator's 
		regime. I was born after the initial Indonesian invasion in 1975, but 
		grew up under the occupation. As a young student, I saw the Indonesian 
		military intimidate and abuse youth suspected of supporting East 
		Timorese independence. We were not safe anywhere: Suharto's troops would 
		seize us at home, school or on the streets; many were never seen again. 
		I watched helplessly as soldiers murdered my cousin, Luis Gusmão Pereira, in a public market in Triloedae-Laga.
 
 During 1965-1966, 
		the Indonesian military 
		and its militias carried out mass executions of those suspected of 
		involvement or support for the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI). Amnesty 
		International
		
		estimates that between 500,000 to one million people lost their 
		lives. Others were tortured and imprisoned, some for decades. Members of 
		their families were denied employment and schooling. Many had no option 
		but to live among their persecutors, as shown in the Oscar-nominated 
		documentaries The Act of 
		Killing and The Look 
		of Silence.
 
 Cold War fears often justified U.S.-backed 
		military interventions against democratically-elected governments. 
		Sukarno, the founding president of Indonesia and Suharto's predecessor, 
		carried out a populist political program linked to social and economic 
		justice, supported by the PKI and many other groups. Sukarno also helped 
		found the Non-Aligned Movement that stood apart from the Cold War blocs. 
		The U.S., believing Indonesia was acting too independently, supported 
		Suharto's seizure of power and cheered the mass killings.
 
 
 
			A 
		decade later, Suharto sought and received U.S. backing for its plan to 
		launch the brutal invasion and illegal occupation of Timor-Leste. Up to 
		200,000 East Timorese were killed, as the U.S. showered military and 
		other support on Indonesia. Timor-Leste's Commission for Reception, 
		Truth and Reconciliation final report, Chega!, documented numerous crimes against 
		humanity during Indonesia's 24-year occupation, including massacres, 
		rape, torture, and forced disappearances. Many died of starvation when 
		the Indonesians forced communities from their farms and gardens and then 
		blockaded food supplies. Declassified documents show that the US 
		government understood that both the invasion and occupation were 
		illegal, yet it still provided military assistance, knowing that it 
		would be used against the people of Timor-Leste.
				|  |  |  
				| East Timorese demonstrate 
					for justice. Photo by Karen Orenstein/ETAN.
 |  |  
 Survivors, the 
		families of victims, and human rights activists have worked to win 
		justice and accountability for the crimes against humanity during the 
		1965-1966 period. While we've seen some light in democratic progress 
		under Indonesia's current President Joko Widodo, justice and 
		accountability continue to elude us. President Widodo has made some 
		efforts at accountability for the human rights violations during the 
		Suharto years, these efforts have been challenged by members of his own 
		government.
 
 
 
			Since we voted for our independence in 1999, there 
		have been several 
		efforts at accountability for the crimes committed in Timor-Leste. 
		However, only East Timorese members of militia that were created and 
		controlled by Indonesia have been convicted and received minimal 
		punishments. Meanwhile, the principal architects of the crimes remain 
		free in Indonesia, some of them still in positions of power. Several 
		have run for 
		President of Indonesia. While the political establishments in both 
		countries are currently determined to ignore them, the people of 
		Timor-Leste and human rights activists continue to push for and demand 
		accountability and justice.
				| The chains of impunity remain strong 
		in Indonesia; U.S. leaders who supported crimes against humanity in 
		Indonesia and elsewhere continue to avoid accountability and punishment. 
		The U.S. and Indonesia claim they are democratic and law-abiding 
		nations, but they openly resist holding their own officials accountable.
 
 |  
 The chains of impunity remain strong 
		in Indonesia; U.S. leaders who supported crimes against humanity in 
		Indonesia and elsewhere continue to avoid accountability and punishment. 
		The U.S. and Indonesia claim they are democratic and law-abiding 
		nations, but they openly resist holding their own officials accountable.
 
 This is not just a matter of dealing with the past. Indonesia's 
		security forces continue to commit serious crimes in West Papua and 
		elsewhere in Indonesia. In recent months, thousands of West Papuans have 
		been detained while 
		demonstrating for their right to self-determination. Indonesian 
		activists faced intimidation from the state and the military when they 
		dare to speak about massacres or serious crimes of the past. Last 
		October, security officials
		
		forced the cancellation of sessions addressing the 1965 massacres at 
		an international writers' festival in Bali. Recent showings of films 
		about the massacres, including The Look of Silence, have been attacked.
 
 
  Together, we can end impunity. First, the U.S. and Indonesia must
		release all their 
		records concerning the crimes committed in 1965-66 and 1975-1999. 
		Revealing the truth is necessary for a genuine justice and 
		accountability for these serious crimes. 
 Chega! recommends that countries like the U.S. that armed and trained 
		Indonesia's military provide reparations to the people of Timor-Leste. 
		The U.S. knew very well that its weapons -- from military aircraft to 
		M-16 rifles -- would rain death and destruction on many thousands of 
		innocent people.
 
 Since Indonesia has proved unable to credibly 
		prosecute its own, international tribunals are needed if those 
		responsible for the crimes of 1965-66 and the crimes in Timor-Leste from 
		1975-1999 are to be brought to justice.
 
 50 years of silence and 
		repression must end.  The cycle of impunity must be broken.
 
 *Celestino Gusmão is a member of ANTI (Timor-Leste 
		National Alliance for an International Tribunal) and a researcher with
		La'o Hamutuk, the Timor-Leste 
		Institute for Development Monitoring and Analysis.
 
 see aslo 
										Human Rights & 
										Justice page
 
 ETAN/Tapol/Watch 
		Indonesia!: Appointment of General (ret.) 
		Wiranto as Minister confirms the deep-rooted impunity in Indonesia
 
 
 Agora mak tempu atu hapara impunidade ba 
		krime sira Suharto nian
 iha Indonesia no Timor-Leste
 
 Foin daudaun Indonesia hala’o semináriu kona-ba tinan 50 liubá no 
		eventu violentu sira-ne’ebé fó kbiit ba Jenerál Suharto. Laiha rezultadu 
		semináriu ne’e tanba defensór ditadór nega akontesimentu masakre sira, 
		no ataka sira-ne’ebé hakarak Indonesia bele hasoru ninia istória 
		violentu.
 
 Trajédia tinan 1965-1966 nudár parte husi istória naruk 
		ho masakre husi militár Indonézia. Nu’udár Timoroan, ami hatene di’ak 
		tebes brutalidade rejime ditadór Suharto nian. Ha’u moris depois 
		Indonézia invade ami-nia rai iha 1975, maibé ha’u sai boot iha okupasaun 
		nia okos. Nu’udár labarik to’o joven, ha’u haree militár Indonézia 
		ameasa no abuza joven ne’ebé sira deskonfia suporta independénsia 
		Timor-Leste nian. Ami enfrenta diretamente hahalok kruél iha-ne’ebé 
		de’it: tropas Suharto nian kaer joven iha uma, eskola ka iha dalan no 
		barak ami nunka haree fali. Ha’u la bele halo buat ida bainhira iha 
		Marsu 1999, ha’u haree militár sira tiru mate ha’u-nia primu Luis Gusmaõ 
		Pereira iha basar públiku Triloedae-Laga.
 
		
		
		
		
		
		Durante tinan 
		1965-1966, militár Indonézia ho nia milisia sira halo masakre barak 
		kontra sira-ne’ebé militár deskonfia fó apoiu ba Partidu Komunizmu 
		Indonézia (PKI). Amnesty Internasionál temi katak entre ema rihun atus 
		lima to’o ema millaun ida mak lakon nia vida. Ema seluk hetan tortura no 
		pena prizaun, balun ba tempu naruk. Sira-nia membru família barak la 
		bele hetan serbisu ka estuda. Barak lahó opsaun seluk, hela hamutuk ho 
		ohodór sira, hanesan ita bele haree iha filme dokumentáriu rua: Jagal no 
		Senyap. 
 Dala barak, ta’uk ba komunizmu tempu Funu Malirin sai 
		justifikasaun ba Estadus Unidus Amérika (EUA) suporta intervensaun 
		militár kontra governu ida-ne’ebé lidera liuhosi prosesu demokrátiku. 
		Sukarno, Prezidente dahuluk Indonézia, no Prezidente molok Suharto, 
		hala’o nia programa polítika sira-ne’ebé liga ho justisa sosiál no 
		justisa ekonómiku ida-ne’ebé fiar iha podér Povu nian no ida-ne’ebé 
		hetan suporta husi PKI no grupu seseluk tan. Sukarno nu’udár fundadór 
		Movimentu Naun-Aliadu ne’ebé hamriik ketak husi parte sira iha Funu 
		Malirin. Governu EUA konsidera Indonézia independente liu; nune’e EUA 
		suporta Suharto nia golpe no louva masakre sira.
 
 
 Tinan 10 
		depois, Suharto buka no hetan suporta polítika no militár husi EUA hodi 
		lansa invazaun no okupasaun ilegál iha Timor-Leste. Besik ema 
		na’in-200.000 maka mate, no EUA fó suporta militár no polítika maka’as 
		ba Indonézia. Tuir Komisaun Rekonsiliasaun CAVR nia relatóriu Chega!, 
		durante tinan 24, iha krime kontra umanidade barak, inklui masakre, 
		violasaun, tortura, no halakon forzadu. Ema barak mate hamlaha tanba 
		militár blokeia direitu asesu ba ai han adekuadu. Tuir dokumentu ofisiál 
		balun ne’ebé ami hetan lee, governu EUA konsiente katak invazaun no 
		okupasaun militár Indonézia ne’e ilegál, maibé governu EUA kontinua 
		fornese apoiu militár ne’ebé sira hatene atu uza kontra povo 
		Timor-Leste.
 
 Justisa no akontabilidade ba jenosídiu no krime kontra 
		umanidade
 
 Sobrevivente, família vítima, no ativista 
		direitus umanus sira halo esforsu barak ona atu hetan justisa no 
		akontabilidade ba krime kontra umanidade durante tinan 1965-1966. Maski 
		progresu demokrasia fó nia naroman iha Indonézia ho Prezidente Repúblika 
		Sr. Joko Widodo nia lideransa maibé justisa no akontabilidade kontinua 
		dook husi espetativa sira ne’ebé buka. Prezidente Widodo halo esforsu 
		hodi hetan akontabilidade ba violasaun direitus umanus durante tempu 
		Suharto, maibé hetan dezafiu boot husi membru sira iha ninia governu 
		rasik.
 
 Depois ami-nia vota ba independénsia iha tinan 1999, hahú 
		ona prosesu akontabilidade balu ba krime sira-ne’ebé akontese iha 
		Timor-Leste, maibé julga de’it ajudante militár Timoroan sira iha 
		tribunal no sira hetan pena prizaun minimal liu. Autór prinsipál sira 
		ne’ebé sai arkitetu ba krime sira kontinua la’o livre iha Indonézia, 
		to’o balun sei iha kbiit polítiku nasaun nia. Balun sai kandidadu ba 
		Prezidente Indonézia. Maski lider polítiku barak hakarak ignora, povu 
		Timor-Leste no ativista direitus umanus sira iha mundu kontinua dudu no 
		ezije akontabildade no justisa.
 
 
 
			Korrente impunidade kontinua 
		metin iha Indonézia no iha Estadus Unidus Amérika. Ulun boot sira 
		Estadus Unidus nian, ne’ebé uluk suporta krime kontra umanidade sira iha 
		Indonesia no parte seluk, kontinua sees an husi prosesu 
		responsabilizasaun no julgamentu. EUA no Indonézia sempre reklama an 
		nudár nasaun demokrátiku ne’ebé fiar ba suprema lei nia maibé sei 
		resiste kontra akontabilidade ba sira-nia ema.
				| Hamutuk, ita bele hapara impunidade. Primeiru, Estadus 
		Unidus no Indonézia tenke loke sira-nia dokumentu hotu ligadu ba krime 
		sira husi tinan 1965-1966 no 1975-1999. Aprezenta lia loos mak nesesariu 
		hodi bele hetan justisa no akontabilidade loloos ba krime grave 
		sira-ne’e.
 
 |  
 Asuntu agora nian 
		la’ós de’it kona-ba pasadu. Forsa militár Indonézia kontinua halo krime 
		sira iha Papua Osidentál no fatin seluk iha Indonézia. Iha fulan hirak 
		ne’e, militár Indonézia kaer rihun-rahun ema Papua Osidentál bainhira 
		sira halo demonstrasaun ba direitu auto-determinasaun. Aktivista 
		Indonézia sira hetan intimidasaun oin-oin husi estadu no militár 
		bainhira ko’alia kona-ba masakre no krime grave husi pasadu. Nu’udár 
		ezemplu, iha fulan-outubru tinan kotuk, autoridade seguransa sira hapara 
		sesaun sira kona-ba massakre 1965 iha festival hakerek nian iha Bali. 
		Eventu sira atu haree filme balu kona ba 1965, inklui Senyap, hetan 
		ataka.
 
 Hamutuk, ita bele hapara impunidade. Primeiru, Estadus 
		Unidus no Indonézia tenke loke sira-nia dokumentu hotu ligadu ba krime 
		sira husi tinan 1965-1966 no 1975-1999. Aprezenta lia loos mak nesesariu 
		hodi bele hetan justisa no akontabilidade loloos ba krime grave 
		sira-ne’e.
 
 Chega! rekomenda atu nasaun sira hanesan Estadus 
		Unidus - ne’ebé fó armas no formasaun ba militár Indonézia - atu fornese 
		reparasaun ba Povu Timor-Leste. EUA hatene momoos katak sira-nia apoiu 
		militár - inklui aviaun funu to’o kilat M-16 - sei oho no realiza krime 
		grave kontra ema inosente rihun-rahun.
 
 Tanba Indonézia hatudu ona 
		sira-nia sistema judisiál la independente no labele julga sira-nia 
		ofisiál rasik, tribunal internasionál sira sei presiza hodi lori 
		sira-ne’ebé responsabel ba krime 1965-1966 no krime sira iha Timor-Leste 
		husi 1975-1999 ba justisa.
 
 Tinan 50 nonook no oprimidu ona. 
		Labele kontinua tan nune’e. Hapara sikulu impunidade.
 
 Celestino Gusmao
 
 Membru ANTI (Alianza Nasionál 
		ba Tribunál Internasionál) no Staf, La’o Hamutuk, Institutu ba Analiza 
		no Monitor Dezenvolvimentu iha Timor-Leste
 
 
 
 
 
		
		Sekarang 
		Saatnya Memutus 
		Impunitas untuk Kejahatan Soeharto di Indonesia dan Timor-Leste 
 
															Baru-baru ini di Indonesia diadakan 
		simposium mengenai kekerasan yang terjadi 50 tahun lalu yang juga 
		menaikkan Jenderal Suharto ke kekuasaan. Simposium ini tidak ada 
		mengeluarkan hasil yang konklusif karena para pendukung kediktatoran 
		Orde Baru mengingkari pembantaian yang terjadi, dan menyerang 
		pihak-pihak yang menginginkan Indonesia menghadapi kekerasan di masa 
		lalunya.
																|  |  
																| Indonesian leftists 
																being taken to public 
																execution. Source: 
																Unknown/via CHART |  
		
										Tragedi 1965-1966 adalah bagian dari 
		sejarah panjang pembantaian oleh militer Indonesia. Sebagai orang 
		Timor-Leste, kami sangat mengetahui kekejaman rezim diktator militer 
		Soeharto. Saya lahir setelah militer Indonesia menyerbu negeri kami pada 
		1975, dan saya dibesarkan pada masa pendudukan. Sejak masa kanak-kanak 
		sampai dewasa saya menyaksikan militer Indonesia mengancam dan 
		menganiaya pemuda-pemuda yang mereka curigai mendukung perjuangan 
		kemerdekaan. Kami mengalami secara langsung perbuatan-perbuatan kejam: 
		tentara menangkap pemuda-pemuda di rumah, sekolah atau di jalan, yang 
		banyak di antara mereka tak pernah kami lihat lagi. Saya tidak bisa 
		berbuat apa-apa ketika pada suatu hari di bulan Mei 1999 saya lihat 
		anggota militer menembak mati saudara sepupu saya bernama Luis Gusmão 
		Pereira di pasar desa Triloedae, Laga. 
		
										Pada 1965-1966, tentara Indonesia 
		bersama milisi bentukan mereka melakukan pembantaian terhadap 
		orang-orang yang mereka curigai sebagai anggota dan pendukung Partai 
		Komunis Indonesia (PKI). Menurut Amnesty International, antara lima 
		ratus hingga satu juta orang kehilangan nyawa. Banyak pula yang 
		mengalami penyiksaan dan ditahan tanpa pengadilan selama waktu yang 
		sangat lama. Anggota keluarga mereka banyak yang tidak bisa melanjutkan 
		pelajaran dan tidak mendapatkan pekerjaan. Banyak lagi yang tidak punya 
		pilihan selain tinggal bersama pembunuh, seperti yang bisa kita saksikan 
		dalam film dokumenter bikinan Joshua Oppenheimer: Jagal dan Senyap. 
                        
		
		
		
			Sering kali ketakutan akan bahaya 
		komunis pada Masa Perang Dingin menjadi pembenaran bagi Amerika Serikat 
		untuk mendukung penggulingan militer terhadap pemerintah-pemerintah yang 
		dipilih melalui proses demokratis. Presiden pertama Indonesia, Sukarno 
		menjalankan politik keadilan sosial dan keadilan ekonomi yang 
		mendasarkan pada kekuatan rakyat (berdikari), yang mendapatkan dukungan 
		dari PKI dan kekuatan-kekuatan lainnya. Sukarno pada Masa Perang Dingin 
		menjadi salah seorang pendiri Gerakan Non-Blok yang tidak memihak salah 
		satu dari dua blok besar kekuatan dunia. Pemerintah AS menganggap 
		Indonesia mengambil jalan terlalu merdeka, sehingga AS mendukung kup 
		Soeharto dan membiarkan terjadinya pembantaian.
				| Rantai impunitas tetap kuat di 
				Indonesia dan di Amerika Serikat. Para pembesar di Amerika 
				Serikat, yang dulu mendukung kejahatan terhadap umat manusia di 
				Indonesia dan tempat-tempat lain, tetap saja menghindar dari 
				pertanggungjawaban hukum. AS dan Indonesia terus saja mengaku 
				diri sebagai negeri demokratis yang menjunjung tinggi kekuasaan 
				hukum tapi menolak terus pertanggungjawaban.
 
 |  
		
										Sepuluh tahun kemuduan Soeharto 
		meminta dan mendapatkan dukungan AS untuk invasi dan pendudukan terhadap 
		Timor-Leste. Hampir 200.000 orang kehilangan nyawa, dan AS terus saja 
		mendukung kuat-kuat Indonesia. Menurut penyelidikan Komisi Penerimaan, 
		Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi (CAVR), selama 24 tahun pendudukan, terjadi 
		kejahatan terhadap umat manusia (crimes against humanity), yang 
		meliputi: pembantaian, penyiksaan, penghilangan paksa dan sebagainya. 
		Banyak orang mati karena kelaparan tentara memblokade akses ke bahan 
		makanan. Menurut dokumen-dokumen yang kami baca, pemerintah AS menyadari 
		bahwa invasi dan pendudukan Indonesia tersebut ilegal, tetapi terus saja 
		memberikan dukungan militer yang mereka ketahui akan digunakan terhadap 
		rakyat Timor-Leste. 
		
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